Prerequisites : Chapter 7 (Existence).
Definition 8.1 (Instantaneous world).
W t : = ( W t , F t , Σ t ) \boxed{\mathfrak{W}_t := \bigl(\mathcal{W}_t,\;\mathfrak{F}_t,\;\Sigma_t\bigr)} W t := ( W t , F t , Σ t )
W t \mathcal{W}_t W t : the relational field (Definition 3.6) --- the substrate .
F t \mathfrak{F}_t F t : the fruit set (Definition 4.6) --- the cohesion layer .
Σ t : F t → P ( V ) \Sigma_t:\mathfrak{F}_t\to\mathcal{P}(V) Σ t : F t → P ( V ) : the door function F ↦ Σ τ ( F , t ) F\mapsto\Sigma_\tau(F,t) F ↦ Σ τ ( F , t ) --- the connection layer .
Definition 8.2 (Full world).
W : = { W t } t ∈ T . \boxed{\mathfrak{W} := \{\mathfrak{W}_t\}_{t\in\mathbb{T}}.} W := { W t } t ∈ T .
Definition 8.3 (Existence functor).
E x t : F t → ⨆ F ∈ F t M ( F , Σ t ( F ) ) , E x t ( F ) : = E x i s t e n c e ( F , t ) . \mathrm{Ex}_t:\mathfrak{F}_t\to\bigsqcup_{F\in\mathfrak{F}_t}\mathcal{M}(F,\Sigma_t(F)),\qquad \mathrm{Ex}_t(F):=\mathrm{Existence}(F,t). Ex t : F t → ⨆ F ∈ F t M ( F , Σ t ( F )) , Ex t ( F ) := Existence ( F , t ) .
Theorem 8.4 (Decomposition of the world).
Layer 1 (Substrate) : W t \mathcal{W}_t W t --- the relational field.
Layer 2 (Cohesion) : F t \mathfrak{F}_t F t --- the fruit set.
Layer 3 (Connection) : Σ t \Sigma_t Σ t --- the door function.
Determination is sequential: W t ⇒ F t ⇒ Σ t \mathcal{W}_t\Rightarrow\mathfrak{F}_t\Rightarrow\Sigma_t W t ⇒ F t ⇒ Σ t .
Proof.
W t \mathcal{W}_t W t : the gauge class of the raw data.
F t \mathfrak{F}_t F t : determined by the scalar invariants W t , d t W_t,d_t W t , d t of W t \mathcal{W}_t W t (Definition 4.5 uses only ϕ t \phi_t ϕ t and v o l t \mathrm{vol}_t vol t ).
Σ t ( F ) \Sigma_t(F) Σ t ( F ) : determined by each F ∈ F t F\in\mathfrak{F}_t F ∈ F t together with D ( F , t ) \mathcal{D}(F,t) D ( F , t ) (Theorem C).
The dependency is W t → F t → Σ t \mathcal{W}_t\to\mathfrak{F}_t\to\Sigma_t W t → F t → Σ t , with no backward dependencies. □ \square □
Theorem 8.5 (Gauge invariance).
(i) W t \mathcal{W}_t W t is a gauge class by definition.
(ii) F t \mathfrak{F}_t F t is gauge-invariant (Proposition 4.7(ii)).
(iii) Σ t ( F ) \Sigma_t(F) Σ t ( F ) is gauge-invariant (Theorem G).
Therefore W t \mathfrak{W}_t W t does not depend on the choice of gauge representative.
Theorem F (Spectral stability).
Let ∥ δ W ∥ ∞ : = max i , j ∣ W t ′ ( i , j ) − W t ( i , j ) ∣ \|\delta W\|_\infty:=\max_{i,j}|W'_t(i,j)-W_t(i,j)| ∥ δ W ∥ ∞ := max i , j ∣ W t ′ ( i , j ) − W t ( i , j ) ∣ .
(i) ∣ ϕ t ′ ( F ) − ϕ t ( F ) ∣ ≤ C 1 ⋅ ∥ δ W ∥ ∞ ⋅ ∣ V ∣ 2 / v o l t ( F ) |\phi'_t(F)-\phi_t(F)|\le C_1\cdot\|\delta W\|_\infty\cdot|V|^2/\mathrm{vol}_t(F) ∣ ϕ t ′ ( F ) − ϕ t ( F ) ∣ ≤ C 1 ⋅ ∥ δ W ∥ ∞ ⋅ ∣ V ∣ 2 / vol t ( F ) .
(ii) If ϕ t ( F ) ≤ θ − ϵ \phi_t(F)\le\theta-\epsilon ϕ t ( F ) ≤ θ − ϵ , then F ∈ F t ′ F\in\mathfrak{F}'_t F ∈ F t ′ provided ∥ δ W ∥ ∞ < δ 0 ( ϵ , F ) \|\delta W\|_\infty<\delta_0(\epsilon,F) ∥ δ W ∥ ∞ < δ 0 ( ϵ , F ) .
Proof.
(i) Track the perturbation of numerator and denominator separately.
∣ Δ c u t ∣ = ∣ ∑ i ∈ F ∑ j ∉ F ( W t ′ ( i , j ) − W t ( i , j ) ) ∣ ≤ ∣ F ∣ ⋅ ∣ F ˉ ∣ ⋅ ∥ δ W ∥ ∞ . |\Delta_{\mathrm{cut}}| = \Bigl|\sum_{i\in F}\sum_{j\notin F}(W'_t(i,j)-W_t(i,j))\Bigr| \le |F|\cdot|\bar F|\cdot\|\delta W\|_\infty. ∣ Δ cut ∣ = i ∈ F ∑ j ∈ / F ∑ ( W t ′ ( i , j ) − W t ( i , j )) ≤ ∣ F ∣ ⋅ ∣ F ˉ ∣ ⋅ ∥ δ W ∥ ∞ .
∣ Δ v o l ∣ = ∣ ∑ i ∈ F ∑ j ∈ V ( W t ′ ( i , j ) − W t ( i , j ) ) ∣ ≤ ∣ F ∣ ⋅ ∣ V ∣ ⋅ ∥ δ W ∥ ∞ . |\Delta_{\mathrm{vol}}| = \Bigl|\sum_{i\in F}\sum_{j\in V}(W'_t(i,j)-W_t(i,j))\Bigr| \le |F|\cdot|V|\cdot\|\delta W\|_\infty. ∣ Δ vol ∣ = i ∈ F ∑ j ∈ V ∑ ( W t ′ ( i , j ) − W t ( i , j )) ≤ ∣ F ∣ ⋅ ∣ V ∣ ⋅ ∥ δ W ∥ ∞ .
The fractional perturbation of ϕ t ( F ) = c u t / v o l \phi_t(F)=\mathrm{cut}/\mathrm{vol} ϕ t ( F ) = cut / vol :
ϕ t ′ ( F ) − ϕ t ( F ) = c u t ′ ⋅ v o l − c u t ⋅ v o l ′ v o l ′ ⋅ v o l . \phi'_t(F)-\phi_t(F) = \frac{\mathrm{cut}'\cdot\mathrm{vol}-\mathrm{cut}\cdot\mathrm{vol}'}{\mathrm{vol}'\cdot\mathrm{vol}}. ϕ t ′ ( F ) − ϕ t ( F ) = vol ′ ⋅ vol cut ′ ⋅ vol − cut ⋅ vol ′ .
The numerator is bounded by ∥ δ W ∥ ∞ ⋅ ∣ V ∣ 2 ⋅ C ⋅ v o l t ( F ) \|\delta W\|_\infty\cdot|V|^2\cdot C\cdot\mathrm{vol}_t(F) ∥ δ W ∥ ∞ ⋅ ∣ V ∣ 2 ⋅ C ⋅ vol t ( F ) . The denominator ≥ v o l t ( F ) 2 / 2 \ge\mathrm{vol}_t(F)^2/2 ≥ vol t ( F ) 2 /2 for small perturbations.
Hence ∣ ϕ ′ − ϕ ∣ ≤ C 1 ⋅ ∥ δ W ∥ ∞ ⋅ ∣ V ∣ 2 / v o l t ( F ) |\phi'-\phi|\le C_1\cdot\|\delta W\|_\infty\cdot|V|^2/\mathrm{vol}_t(F) ∣ ϕ ′ − ϕ ∣ ≤ C 1 ⋅ ∥ δ W ∥ ∞ ⋅ ∣ V ∣ 2 / vol t ( F ) , where:
C 1 = 2 ( 1 + θ ) 1 ≤ 4. C_1 = \frac{2(1+\theta)}{1}\le 4. C 1 = 1 2 ( 1 + θ ) ≤ 4.
(ii) Set δ 0 : = ϵ ⋅ v o l t ( F ) / ( C 1 ⋅ ∣ V ∣ 2 ) \delta_0:=\epsilon\cdot\mathrm{vol}_t(F)/(C_1\cdot|V|^2) δ 0 := ϵ ⋅ vol t ( F ) / ( C 1 ⋅ ∣ V ∣ 2 ) . Then ∣ ϕ ′ − ϕ ∣ < ϵ |\phi'-\phi|<\epsilon ∣ ϕ ′ − ϕ ∣ < ϵ , so ϕ t ′ ( F ) < θ \phi'_t(F)<\theta ϕ t ′ ( F ) < θ . The volume condition v o l t ( F ) ≤ 1 2 v o l t ( V ) \mathrm{vol}_t(F)\le\frac{1}{2}\mathrm{vol}_t(V) vol t ( F ) ≤ 2 1 vol t ( V ) is preserved similarly. □ \square □
Explicit constant. C 1 ≤ 4 C_1\le 4 C 1 ≤ 4 suffices in all cases. For fruits with ϕ t ( F ) ≪ θ \phi_t(F)\ll\theta ϕ t ( F ) ≪ θ , the stability margin ϵ = θ − ϕ t ( F ) \epsilon=\theta-\phi_t(F) ϵ = θ − ϕ t ( F ) is large.
The complete procedure for interpreting a world:
Observe the raw data ( V , w t , g t ) (V,w_t,g_t) ( V , w t , g t ) (gauge-dependent representation).
Identify fruits : compute W t , d t W_t,d_t W t , d t , then ϕ t ( S ) \phi_t(S) ϕ t ( S ) for candidate subsets; collect F t \mathfrak{F}_t F t .
Detect doors : for each F ∈ F t F\in\mathfrak{F}_t F ∈ F t , compute b F , t ( i ) b_{F,t}(i) b F , t ( i ) and determine Σ τ ( F , t ) \Sigma_\tau(F,t) Σ τ ( F , t ) .
Extract existence : on F ∘ = F ∖ Σ F^\circ=F\setminus\Sigma F ∘ = F ∖ Σ , minimise E F ∘ ( h ) \mathcal{E}_{F^\circ}(h) E F ∘ ( h ) and record [ A ∞ ] [A_\infty] [ A ∞ ] .
Record : E x i s t e n c e ( F , t ) = ( [ A ∞ ] , Σ , e ) \mathrm{Existence}(F,t)=([A_\infty],\Sigma,\mathbf{e}) Existence ( F , t ) = ([ A ∞ ] , Σ , e ) .
Key point : the world is unchanged throughout this process. The interpreter observes and records; interpretation does not alter the world (Principle V).
Discrete (this theory) Continuous (differential geometry / gauge theory) Finite set V V V Manifold M M M Symmetric weight W t ( i , j ) W_t(i,j) W t ( i , j ) Riemannian metric g μ ν g_{\mu\nu} g μν Edge group element g t ( i , j ) ∈ G g_t(i,j)\in G g t ( i , j ) ∈ G Connection A A A on a principal G G G -bundle Gauge group G = G V \mathcal{G}=G^V G = G V Gauge transformation group Triangle holonomy Ω t ( △ ) \Omega_t(\triangle) Ω t ( △ ) Curvature F A F_A F A Conductance ϕ t ( F ) \phi_t(F) ϕ t ( F ) Cheeger constant h ( M ) h(M) h ( M ) Fruit F F F Metastable sub-manifold Door Σ \Sigma Σ Uhlenbeck singular set Door energy e p e_p e p Bubble energy Canonical connection [ A ∞ ] [A_\infty] [ A ∞ ] Limit connection (gauge class) Flattening energy E F ∘ \mathcal{E}_{F^\circ} E F ∘ Yang--Mills energy ∫ ∥ F A ∥ 2 \int\|F_A\|^2 ∫ ∥ F A ∥ 2 Existence ( [ A ∞ ] , Σ , e ) ([A_\infty],\Sigma,\mathbf{e}) ([ A ∞ ] , Σ , e ) Point in Uhlenbeck compactification World W t \mathfrak{W}_t W t Manifold + connection + matter fields
A detailed dictionary is given in Appendix C.